1. Scaffold

源码 页面骨架（Scaffold）

Scaffold 是一个路由页的骨架，我们使用它可以很容易地拼装出一个完整的页面。

1.1. 示例

我们实现一个页面，它包含：

1. 一个导航栏
2. 导航栏右边有一个分享按钮
3. 有一个抽屉菜单
4. 有一个底部导航
5. 右下角有一个悬浮的动作按钮

class ScaffoldRoute extends StatefulWidget {
  @override
  _ScaffoldRouteState createState() => _ScaffoldRouteState();
}

class _ScaffoldRouteState extends State<ScaffoldRoute> {
  int _selectedIndex = 1;

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return Scaffold(
      appBar: AppBar( //导航栏
        title: Text("App Name"), 
        actions: <Widget>[ //导航栏右侧菜单
          IconButton(icon: Icon(Icons.share), onPressed: () {}),
        ],
      ),
      drawer: MyDrawer(), //抽屉
      bottomNavigationBar: BottomNavigationBar( // 底部导航
        items: <BottomNavigationBarItem>[
          BottomNavigationBarItem(icon: Icon(Icons.home), title: Text('Home')),
          BottomNavigationBarItem(icon: Icon(Icons.business), title: Text('Business')),
          BottomNavigationBarItem(icon: Icon(Icons.school), title: Text('School')),
        ],
        currentIndex: _selectedIndex,
        fixedColor: Colors.blue,
        onTap: _onItemTapped,
      ),
      floatingActionButton: FloatingActionButton( //悬浮按钮
          child: Icon(Icons.add),
          onPressed:_onAdd
      ),
    );
  }
  void _onItemTapped(int index) {
    setState(() {
      _selectedIndex = index;
    });
  }
  void _onAdd(){
  }
}

1.2. AppBar

AppBar是一个Material风格的导航栏，通过它可以设置导航栏标题、导航栏菜单、导航栏底部的Tab标题等。下面我们看看AppBar的定义：

AppBar({
  Key? key,
  this.leading, //导航栏最左侧Widget，常见为抽屉菜单按钮或返回按钮。
  this.automaticallyImplyLeading = true, //如果leading为null，是否自动实现默认的leading按钮
  this.title,// 页面标题
  this.actions, // 导航栏右侧菜单
  this.bottom, // 导航栏底部菜单，通常为Tab按钮组
  this.elevation = 4.0, // 导航栏阴影
  this.centerTitle, //标题是否居中 
  this.backgroundColor,
  ...   //其他属性见源码注释
})

1.3. 抽屉菜单Drawer

class MyDrawer extends StatelessWidget {
  const MyDrawer({
    Key? key,
  }) : super(key: key);

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return Drawer(
      child: MediaQuery.removePadding(
        context: context,
        //移除抽屉菜单顶部默认留白
        removeTop: true,
        child: Column(
          crossAxisAlignment: CrossAxisAlignment.start,
          children: <Widget>[
            Padding(
              padding: const EdgeInsets.only(top: 38.0),
              child: Row(
                children: <Widget>[
                  Padding(
                    padding: const EdgeInsets.symmetric(horizontal: 16.0),
                    child: ClipOval(
                      child: Image.asset(
                        "imgs/avatar.png",
                        width: 80,
                      ),
                    ),
                  ),
                  Text(
                    "Wendux",
                    style: TextStyle(fontWeight: FontWeight.bold),
                  )
                ],
              ),
            ),
            Expanded(
              child: ListView(
                children: <Widget>[
                  ListTile(
                    leading: const Icon(Icons.add),
                    title: const Text('Add account'),
                  ),
                  ListTile(
                    leading: const Icon(Icons.settings),
                    title: const Text('Manage accounts'),
                  ),
                ],
              ),
            ),
          ],
        ),
      ),
    );
  }
}